Stages of Mesothelioma
The treatment and care of mesothelioma depend primarily on the stage of the tumor is.
Traditionally known three phases for mesothelioma but the American Cancer Society (American Cancer Society), the American Joint Committee on Cancer (American Cancer Committee) and the International Mesothelioma Interest Group (Group International Mesothelioma Interest) has approved the system TNM by which patients are grouped according to the forecast and according to different phases depending on the size and extent of the tumor mass, the status of the lymph nodes, and metastasis.
On the other hand the "Butchart System" and "Brigham System" focus on the tumor mass and the surgical facility exists to eradicate the tumor.
The TNM staging system
TNM staging system is very similar to that used for other types of cancer and is an acronym which, by its English origin, the T refers to the size of the tumor, the extension N of the lymph nodes and M to metastasis which is when the cancer spreads to other organs. Each of the three categories involves four phases determine grouped general phases of a case of mesothelioma.
Phase I of a mesothelioma tumor involves locating the membrane on the left or right breast. If the cancer has spread at this stage should be reached only a small part of the outer membrane that lines the lungs. At this stage the mesothelioma is still not located in the lymph nodes or other areas of the pleural or peritoneal cavities.
If the mesothelioma has spread from the pleural lining of the chest to the lining of the lungs, diaphragm or lungs, we will be in phase II mesothelioma, which still has not spread to lymph nodes or other distant sites.
Once pleural mesothelioma has reached the lymph nodes is considered to have reached phase III. This phase is also achieved if pleural mesothelioma has spread to the first layer of the chest wall or occupies its own space within the chest wall, in the thick of the mediastinum (the area that is within the pleural and contains the esophagus, trachea and heart and blood vessels) or any other layer of the heart.
Pleural mesothelioma reaches phase IV when the cancer has spread into the chest wall and muscles or ribs, through the diaphragm into the mediastinum any organ within the spine, through the pleura to the breast side from point of origin, through the lining of the heart or in the heart or in the nerves leading to the arm. The cancer at this stage need not have reached the lymph nodes or have spread to other areas of the body.
However, cancer can also reach this stage IV if it has spread to other sites in the body or not it has spread to other sites but if the lymph nodes in the neck bones or hila (L areas where arteries, veins, bronchi and lymph in and out of the lung) or mediastinal lymph nodes on the opposite side of the lung where the cancer originated.
The staging system "Butchart"
Is the oldest staging system and relies on differences in the mass of mesothelioma tumors, differentiating four stages.
Under this system, if the tumor is in the left or right of the pleura and possibly on the same side of the diaphragm that affects the pleura, cancer is considered under Phase I. Phase II is reached or when the tumor has invaded the chest wall and commits the esophagus, heart, or both sides of the pleura, or has reached the lymph nodes in the chest. If mesothelioma has invaded the diaphragm and is moving toward membrane lining the abdominal cavity, we will find in phase III, even if it has reached the lymph nodes. Under this system, phase IV is reserved for those cases where there are metastases in other organs are not mentioned.
The staging system "Brigham"
It is the latest creation system and ranking due to the possibility of surgery, also distinguished four phases.
If mesothelioma has not reached the lymph nodes and the tumor can be surgically we are in phase I. If the cancer has spread to lymph nodes but the tumor is operable, we are in the phase II. With or without spread to lymph nodes, we will be in Phase III if the cancer has penetrated the chest wall, diaphragm or abdominal cavity without the tumor can be operated. Finally if there are metastases to the phase IV.
You should also learn about symptoms of mesothelioma after / before reading the stages of mesothelioma.
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